Overview

If you’re a Canadian or Mexican professional with a U.S. job offer, the TN visa could be your fastest path to start working legally in the United States.

But don’t mistake “faster” for “easy.” You must provide evidence that you meet specific requirements to get approval.

And while the TN is technically renewable without limit, it does come with restrictions: It’s a nonimmigrant visa, meaning it doesn’t allow dual intent and can complicate your path to a Green Card if you’re not careful.

The rules around eligibility requirements, required supporting documentation, and how you apply—whether at a U.S. port of entry, a U.S. consulate, or through U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)—depend on whether you hold Canadian citizenship or Mexican citizenship.

What is a TN visa?

A TN visa is a nonimmigrant work visa only available to citizens of Canada and Mexico.

The TN visa was created under the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in the 1990s and carried forward under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

This visa got its acronym TN from “Treaty NAFTA,” for the agreement it was created.

This visa type applies only to jobs that fall within the treaty’s approved list of “NAFTA professionals,” like people in certain specialty occupations, including engineering, accounting, or research roles.

Unlike the H-1B, the TN visa isn’t capped by an annual lottery, and you don’t have to wait months just to know if you can start. H-1B, TN visa isn’t capped by an annual lottery

While the TN visa is often faster and less bureaucratic than alternatives like the H-1B visa, it still has strict requirements.

1. You must show documentation showing that you meet the professional-level qualifications (usually a bachelor’s degree or higher) and that your U.S. job fits within one of the TN visa’s approved visa categories.
2. TN status is tied to the specific U.S. employer and job offer you applied with. If you switch employers, you need a new application.
3. Your spouse and unmarried children under 21 can apply for TD status to accompany you, but TD does not grant them automatic work authorization.

In short: the TN visa is designed as a streamlined work option for Canadian and Mexican professionals, but it’s not a one-size-fits-all solution.

Understanding its limits (especially around dual intent and long-term Green Card planning) is just as important as knowing how to qualify.

Who is eligible for a TN visa?

While the category was created to make cross-border hiring simpler, U.S. immigration officers still review every case closely.

You need to check all the following boxes:

• You must be a citizen of Canada or Mexico. (Permanent residents don’t count.)
• Your job must be on the official USMCA (formerly NAFTA) list of professions. (USMCA (formerly NAFTA) list of professions)
• The U.S. role you’re taking must actually require someone in that professional category.
• You need the degree, license, or experience that the treaty spells out for that profession. No exceptions.
• You must have a prearranged full-time or part-time job with a U.S. employer. Self-employment isn’t allowed. (If you’re seeking a nonimmigrant visa under the USMCA agreements, you need to seek a classification as a Treaty Trader or Treaty Investor instead.)

TN visa requirements for Canadian citizens

If you’re a Canadian citizen and are seeking a TN visa, you don’t need a visa stamp to enter.

Many apply directly at a U.S. port of entry or a preclearance station with Customs and Border Protection (CBP) by presenting their supporting documentation.

If you’re already in the U.S., you can file Form I-129 with USCIS to change or extend status. Form I-129 with USCIS

As far as documentation goes, at minimum, you’ll need:

• Proof of Canadian citizenship
• A TN support letter from the U.S. employer describing the job and duties
• Evidence that the role is a listed NAFTA professional occupation
• Your academic or professional credentials (such as a bachelor’s degree, also called a baccalaureate degree).

TN visa requirements for Mexican citizens

If you’re a Mexican citizen applying for a TN visa, you’ll need a TN visa stamp from a U.S. consulate before traveling (unlike Canadians).

This requires submitting a nonimmigrant visa application (Form DS-160), paying the application fee, and completing a consular interview.

Once approved, you can present your visa at a port of entry for admission.

Similar to Canadian TN visa applicants, the essential documents you’ll need to provide are:

• Proof of Mexican citizenship
• A TN support letter from the U.S. employer describing the job and duties
• Evidence that the role is a listed NAFTA professional occupation

Your academic or professional credentials (such as a licenciatura degree, similar to a U.S. bachelor’s degree).

Eligible USMCA (formerly NAFTA) list of professions

As you’ve likely already heard, not every profession qualifies for TN status.

The USMCA (formerly NAFTA) defines a specific list of recognized specialty occupations.

These include roles like engineers, accountants, scientists, and university teachers—essentially, positions that generally require at least a bachelor’s degree or appropriate professional license.

Here’s what matters most:

• Your U.S. job title and duties must clearly align with a listed occupation.
• You must prove your education or licensing matches the requirements for that field.
• If your role falls in a gray area (like “data scientist” or “consultant”), extra documentation or a credential evaluation may be required to show equivalency.

For a full list of occupations, check out this USCIS list of specific occupations. USCIS list of specific occupations

How to apply for the TN visa

The exact steps for your application process depends on whether you’re a Canadian citizen or a Mexican citizen.

Both groups are eligible, but the path for each looks different.

Application process for Canadians

For Canadians, the TN process is fast and relatively simple:

• Apply at the border or airport. Many Canadians apply directly at a U.S. port of entry or pre-clearance station with Customs and Border Protection (CBP). There’s no need for a visa stamp in your passport. You’ll need to complete and provide your Form DS-160 along with required evidence and documentation.

• Apply once you’re inside the U.S. If you’re already in the U.S. on another valid status, your employer can file Form I-129 with USCIS to change or extend your status.

Approval is often immediate at the border, but if you file with USCIS, standard processing times apply (with an option for premium processing).

Application process for Mexicans

For Mexicans, the process has more steps. And you must go through a U.S. consulate:

1. Complete Form DS-160: This is the standard nonimmigrant visa application form.
2. Schedule your consular appointment: Attend an interview at a U.S. embassy or consulate in Mexico.
3. Pay the application fee: This is required before your interview.
4. Prepare your documentation: Bring evidence of your citizenship, your job offer, and your qualifications.
5. Visa stamp issued: If approved, you’ll receive a TN visa stamp in your passport.
6. Present your passport and TN visa stamp at the border: Show your visa and supporting documents at a U.S. port of entry to be admitted in TN status.

If you’re already in the U.S. on another visa, you may be able to file a change of status with USCIS using Form I-129.

TN visa processing times and costs

TN petitions filed through USCIS take 8–10 months on average, but premium processing shortens review to just 15 business days. TN petitions filed through USCIS take 8-10 months on average

For many Canadians, a TN decision can happen the same day: right at a U.S. port of entry with CBP.

For Mexicans, the process usually takes longer because it requires a visa application and interview at a U.S. embassy or consulate in Mexico.

If you’re already in the U.S. and filing Form I-129 with USCIS (for a change of status or extension), processing times can range from weeks to months, depending on case volume.

However, premium processing is available if you need a faster decision.

For an additional USCIS filing fee of $2,805 you will receive a decision on your application within 15 business days, as long as additional Requests for Evidence (RFEs) are not issued. A decision could be an approval, a denial, or a request for additional evidence.

How much does the TN visa cost?

Costs also depend on how and where you apply: Costs also depend on how and where you apply

• At the border (for Canadian citizens): CBP charges a processing fee, currently around $50 plus an optional $6 for an I-94.
• Through a U.S. consulate (for Mexican citizens): You’ll pay the nonimmigrant visa application fee (Form DS-160), currently $185, before your interview, along with the reciprocity fee $79 (for 12 months) or $357 (48-months).
• With USCIS (Form I-129): The application fee starts at $510 for small employers or nonprofits and increases from there. There’s an additional $2,805 if you choose premium processing.

If you’re seeking an immigration attorney to guide you through this process, when it comes to TN visa attorney fees, they can vary on who you go to.

We suggest checking out law firms that have substantial experience in TN visas like Manifest Law, where our lawyer fees for a TN visa start at $3,500 and can be paid on a flexible payment plan.

Is a TN visa easy to get?

The short answer: It depends on how well your case matches the rules.

Compared to other work visas like the H-1B visa, the TN visa can feel easier because there’s no lottery or annual cap, Canadians can often apply the same day at a U.S. port of entry, and decisions can be fast (sometimes on the spot).

But “easy” is misleading. Officers from U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), USCIS, or a U.S. consulate review TN cases closely.

Applications are denied or delayed when:

• The job title or duties don’t match a listed USMCA profession.
• The supporting documentation (like the TN support letter) is vague or inconsistent.
• The applicant doesn’t clearly prove they meet the education or licensing requirements (e.g., a bachelor’s degree in the right field).
• The officer suspects the applicant really intends to seek a Green Card (raising dual intent concerns).

A clean paper trail, the right job match, and a carefully written support letter are what make a TN approval feel simple.

Find out if the TN visa is best for your situation

If you’re weighing options like the TN visa, it helps to talk it through with someone who’s done it before. Experienced attorneys can help you chart the most strategic path forward, based on your goals and timeline.

Request a consultation and get the clarity you need to move forward. Request a consultation