Form I-485: What it is and where to get it

USCIS Form I-485, officially titled "Application to ...u're inside the U.S. and want to become a green card holder.

It’s used by applicants across many immigrant catego...ent-based, family-based, special immigrant, asylum, and more.

When you complete this form, you’re not just submitt...e you as a lawful permanent resident based on the following:

• An approved family petition
• An approved employment petition
• Refugee or asylum status
• Special immigrant categories
• Other eligibility pathways under U.S. immigration law

This guide breaks down the Form I-485 process step by step and in plain language, including who should file it, how the process works, and what mistakes to avoid.

🧑‍⚖️ This article is reviewed by and informed by real-world insights from Kellers Law’s practicing immigration attorneys. Check out our editorial policy for more info.

Form I-485 isn’t something you submit casually. It’s the core legal application USCIS uses to determine whether you qualify to become a permanent resident while staying in the United States.

Where does Form I-485 fit in the green card process?

Form I-485 is the “adjustment” step. It typically comes after a petition establishes your underlying eligibility (like a family petition or employment-based petition).

In many pathways, you’ll have a multi-step process before I-485 is even available—especially for employment-based green cards.

• Petition phase (establishes eligibility)
• Visa availability phase (priority date becomes current)
• Adjustment of status phase (Form I-485 filing)
• Biometrics + possible interview
• Decision (approval/denial) and green card issuance

The timing matters. Even if you’re eligible in theory, you may not be able to file until your category is current under the Visa Bulletin.

Filing Form I-485 in 2025 and beyond: What immigration lawyers want you to know

Filing Form I-485 is not only about completing the form—it’s about proving eligibility and avoiding avoidable mistakes.

USCIS is strict about completeness and evidence quality. Small errors can trigger Requests for Evidence (RFEs), delays, or denials.

• File only when eligible (including visa availability)
• Submit a complete package with correct fees
• Include required supporting evidence
• Avoid inconsistencies across forms and prior filings
• Track notices and respond to RFEs on time

Who files the Form I-485 application?

Form I-485 is used by many categories of immigrants who are physically present in the United States and eligible to adjust status.

• Employment-based applicants (EB-1, EB-2, EB-3, etc.)
• Family-based applicants (immediate relatives and preference categories)
• Asylees/refugees (where eligible)
• Special immigrant categories
• Other adjustment categories recognized by USCIS

Eligibility is highly fact-specific and depends on your entry, status history, admissibility, and category rules.

How much does it cost to file Form I-485?

The cost of filing Form I-485 depends on your age, category, and whether you’re filing with other forms (like work authorization or travel documents).

Always confirm the current USCIS fee schedule and required fee payment method before submitting.

Some applicants qualify for fee waivers, but many do not—especially in employment-based cases.

What you need for filing Form I-485: An easy-to-understand checklist

A strong I-485 filing is built on correct forms plus correct evidence. Missing items are one of the most common reasons for delays.

• Completed Form I-485
• Government-issued identity documents (passport biographic page, etc.)
• Proof of lawful entry / admission or parole
• Immigration status documentation (I-94, approval notices, etc.)
• Medical exam (Form I-693) if required
• Photos per USCIS requirements
• Underlying petition documentation (as applicable)
• Financial support evidence (if required in your category)
• Correct filing fee and payment method

How to file Form I-485: Step-by-step

The mechanics of filing I-485 matter. A correct form can still fail if it’s submitted improperly or without required supporting documents.

1. Confirm you’re eligible to file now (including visa availability if applicable).
2. Complete Form I-485 and any related forms you’re filing concurrently.
3. Gather all required evidence and supporting documents.
4. Prepare fees using the method USCIS accepts for your filing location.
5. Assemble and review your packet for completeness and consistency.
6. File by mail (or online if eligible and available for your category).
7. Track your receipt notice and attend biometrics.
8. Respond to any RFEs and prepare for a possible interview.

How long does Form I-485 take to process?

Processing times vary widely depending on category, USCIS field office/service center workload, and whether USCIS issues an RFE or schedules an interview.

Many applicants receive interim benefits (like EAD/AP) before the green card decision—if those forms are filed and eligible.

Delays are common when evidence is incomplete, when background checks take longer, or when USCIS has policy shifts affecting adjudications.

File with confidence: Get the support you need for your green card journey

If you’re preparing an I-485 packet, professional review and strategy can help avoid unnecessary delays and improve clarity on eligibility and evidence requirements.